Computer Components and Hardware Guide 

A personal computer  is made up of various kinds of hardware,  that is the physical components onto which multiple kinds of software  can be uploaded to perform functions.  Though Macs  and PCs  come in many different types, each is composed of the same basic parts.    

Motherboard The motherboard is the "body" of the computer, through which all other components interface.   Basic Input Output System  (BIOS) Central Processing Unit Chipset  Computer Memory External Bus Controllers  Internal Buses   RAM	Power Supply Power is supplied to the motherboard  and internal disc drives  at appropriate voltages.  They are designed to turn on and off using a signal, and provide support for modern functions such as the standby mode available in many computers. Cooling Fans  Power Supply Unit  Power Cords	Video Display The video display controller  produces the output for the video display unit.   This will either be built into the motherboard  or attached in its own separate slot, in the from of a graphics card.  Visual Display Unit  Graphics Cards Video Capture Cards and TV Cards	Removable Media Text, numbers, pictures, and audio are converted into strings of bits and bytes.  By using removable media storage devices,  this information is easily organised and stored.  CD Burners CD Drives  DVD Burners DVD Drives  USB Drives

 

Internal Storage This hardware keeps data inside of the computer for later use, and remains persistent even when the computer has no power.  Hard Disk Solid State Drive  RAID Array Controller	Sound Card This enables the computer to output sound to audio devices,  as well as accept any forms of input.  Many modern computers have a sound card  built into the motherboard,  but it is common for a user to install another one as an upgrade.  Sound Cards Microphones	Networking Many users like to be able to connect their computer to the Internet and/or to another network computer.   Cable DSL Routers Modem  Network Card  Wireless Router	Input/Output Peripherals In addition, hardware devices include external components of the computer system.  These input/output devices are either standard or very common.  Keyboard Mice Monitor Printer Speakers Webcam

Related Guides

Building a Computer	Computers and Monitors	Computer Specs	Software

External Links

• KarbosGuide.com:  A complete illustrated guide to computer hardware.
• TomsHardware.co.uk:  Read articles and reviews about hardware components.
• Wikipedia.org: Wikipedia gives a breakdown of personal computers and their components.